Title of document: Current Use of Pesticides in the Agricultural Products of Cambodia Authors: Visarto Preap and Kang Sareth Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: MAFF Year of publication: Geographic focus: Cambodia Main issues / topics addressed (for example: Introduction; Pesticide use; Feature actions; Conclusion…) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): Summary: Lack of law enforcement to farmers especially those who greatly depend on using pesticides created a big challenge for pesticide management in Cambodia; banned and restricted pesticides are widely available in the local markets. Counterfeit and illegal pesticide products are often found in unregistered pesticide shops/retailers. To fight against these challenges Cambodia shall take priority actions: improve border inspection on circulation of pesticides, and strengthening pesticide management law.   Read More

Title of document: Consultation and Feedback Workshop on "Lao Agro-Biodiversity Information and Knowledge Sharing Platform" Development Authors: FAO, NAFRI, TABI Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: FAO, NAFRI, TABI Year of publication: 2017 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: Introduction; Main Objective; Key Issues / Outputs / Discussion Points; Next Steps and pathways…) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): Summary: Workshop report for Consultation and Feedback Workshop on "Lao Agro-Biodiversity Information and Knowledge Sharing Platform" Development, August 23, 2017, at the NAFRI Meeting Hall   Read More

Title of document: Integrated Nutrient–Weed Management under mechanised Dry Direct Seeding (DDS) is essential for sustained smallholder adoption in rainfed lowland rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Authors: Pheng Sengxua, Tamara Jackson, Phetsamone Simali, Leigh K. Vial, Khamsouk Douangboupha, Elizabeth Clarke, Dome Harnpichitvitaya and LEN J. WADE Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: Cambridge University Press Year of publication: 2018 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: Introduction; Materials and Methods; Results and Discussion; Conclusion…) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/experimental-agriculture/article/integrated-nutrientweed-management-under-mechanised-dry-direct-seeding-dds-is-essential-for-sustained-smallholder-adoption-in-rainfed-lowland-rice-oryza-sativa-l/9BF9B05F08CFE5505AC994E5F1234274 Summary: In rainfed lowland rice-based systems, increasing labour scarcity due to off-farm employment is encouraging farmers to switch from transplanting to dry direct seeding (DDS). To assure stable productivity at a level comparable with or superior to transplanting, DDS management must ensure rice seedlings have access to nutrients in order to be competitive with weeds, which must also be suppressed. This paper examined farmer perceptions of DDS using a farmer survey, and used on-farm experiments to examine responses of rainfed lowland rice to integrated nutrient–weed management, based around mechanized DDS. In the survey, weeds were the biggest problem faced by farmers in using DDS (61%). In 90% of cases, farmers reported that weeds had increased under DDS, with most farmers (78%) controlling weeds by hand. All farmers said they would use DDS in the following season (100%), due to labour savings (47%), timeliness of operations, improved productivity, low investment or a combination of these (44%). In on-farm experiments, banding nutrients with the seed at sowing enhanced early dry matter of rice, while early weed dry matter was reduced. Early weed control using ducklings or hand weeding reduced weed competition and increased rice growth, with ducklings providing additional yield benefits over hand weeding. Early increases in seedling vigour of rice, and in weed suppression, carried through to greater dry matter and yield of rice at maturity. Integrated nutrient–weed management in mechanized DDS increased DDS yields, reduced DDS yield variability and contributed to sustainability of DDS rice systems.   Read More

Title of document: Organic Agriculture “ກະສິກໍາອິນຊີ” _ ສະບັບພາສາລາວ Authors: ປອ. ພຸດທະສອນ ສີບຸນນະວົງ; ທະວີສິດ ບຸນຍາສຸກ; ຜ່ອງໄສ ບົວສານຸວົງ Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: GRET/ALiSEA, NOuL Year of publication: 2018 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: ຫຼັກການ ແລະ ແນວທາງກະສິກໍາອິນຊີ; ກະສິກໍາອິນຊີກັບການພັດທະນາແບບຢັ່ງຢືນ; ກະສິກໍາ ອິນຊີກັບຄວາມໜັ່ນຄົງດ້ານອາຫານ; ມາດຕະຖານກະສິກໍາອິນຊີ ແລະ ການກວດສອບຮັບຮອງ; ຫຼັກການກະສິກໍາອິນຊີລາວ…) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): Summary: ໃນປະຈບຸັນນີ້ຜົນກະທົບຈາກພິດໄພຈາກສານເຄມີ ແລະ ບັນຫາຄວາມເຊື່ອມໂຊມຂອງລະບົບນິເວດຂອງການ ກະສິກໍາດັ່ງນັ້ນ, ຊາວກະສິກອນຜູ້ຜະລິດໄດ້ເລີ່ມປັບປ່ຽນລະບົບການຜະລິດຈາກການກະເສດທີ່ເພີ່ງພາການໃຊ້ສານເຄມີ ມາເປັນລະບົບການຜະລິດທີ່ເພີ່ງພາກົນໄກນິເວດທໍາມະຊາດ ທີ່ຫຼາຍໆຄົນ ເອີ້ນວ່າ “ກະສິກໍາອິນຊີ” ປະກອບກັບການຕື່ນຕົວຂອງຜູ້ບໍລິໂພກກ່ຽວກັບຄວາມປອດໄພຂອງອາຫານ ແລະ ຄວາມສໍາຄັນຂອງກນອະນຸລັກຮັກສາສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ ເຮັດໃຫ້ຜູ້ບໍລິໂພກເອງເລີ່ມຫັນມາໃຫ້ກັບສະໜັບສະໜູນຜະລິດຕະພັນທີ່ໄດ້ຈາກຂະບວນການຜະລິດທີ່ຫຼີກລ້ຽງການໃຊ້ສານເຄມີ ແລະ ເປັນມິດຕໍ່ສີ່ງແວດລ້ອມ ຂະບວນການກະສິກໍາອິນຊີຈຶ່ງໄດ້ເລີ່ມກໍ່ຕົວຂຶ້ນໃນປະເທດຕ່າງໆທົ່ວໂລກ. ຜູ້ພະຍາຍາມອະທີບາຍວ່າ ກະສິກໍາອິນຊີເປັນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງກະສິກໍາ ຢັ່ງຢືນ ເຊີ່ງຍັງມີແນວທາງ ການກະສິກໍາ ຢັ່ງຢືນອື່ນໆອີກ ເຊັ່ນ: ກະສິກໍາ ປະສົມປະສານ, ກະສິກໍາ ທໍາມະຊາດ  ແລະ ອື່ນໆ ເຊີ່ງທີ່ຈີງແລ້ວ ແນວທາງການກະສິ ກໍາ ເຫຼົ່ານີ້ເປັນພຽງແຕ່ເທັກນິກການຜະລິດ ຮູບແບບຂອງການຈັດການຟາມຂອງກະສິກໍາຢັ່ງຢືນ ທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງຕາມ ຄວາມຫຼາກຫຼາຍຂອງສະພາບນິເວດທ້ອງຖີ່ນ ແລະ ເງື່ອນໄຂຂອງຄອບຄົວກະສິກໍາ ແຕ່ໂດຍລວມແລ້ວ ແນວທາງກະສິ ກໍາ ເຫຼົ່ານີ້ຕັ້ງຢູ່ບົນແນວຄິດ ແລະ ຫຼັກການດຽວກັນ ແລະ ບໍ່ວ່າຈະຖຶກເອີ້ນ ນີຍາມແບບໃດ ກະສິກໍາອິນຊີໄດ້ພິສູດຕົວເອງໃນທຸກຫົນແຫ່ງທົ່ວໂລກວ່າ ເປັນການກະສິກໍາ ທີ່ມີບົດບາດສໍາຄັນໃນການອະນຸລັກຮັກສາ ແລະ ຟື້ນຟູສີ່ງແວດລ້ອມ   Read More

Title of document: Integrated Agriculture “ກະສິກໍາປະສົມປະສານ” _ ສະບັບພາສາລາວ Authors: ຮສ. ອິນທອງ ສົມພູ; ຮສ. ທອງຫຼອມ ພົມມະວົງ; ເຢັງລີ Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: GRET/ALiSEA, NOuL Year of publication: 2018 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: ການເຮັດກະສິກໍາ; ກະສິກໍາແບບປະສົມປະສານ; ລະບົບການປູກພືດຮ່ວມກັບການລ້ຽງສັດນໍ້າ; ຫຼັກການປູກພືດແບບປະສົມປະສານ…) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): Summary: ເນື້ອໃນໃນໜັງສືເຫຼັ້ມນີ້ມີການພົວພັນລະຫວ່າງການພັດທະນາຫຼັກການກະສິກໍາແບບປະສົມປະສານ, ເປັນທິດສະດີ ແລະ ວິທີການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດນໍາໃຊ້ຕົວຈິງ, ເປັນການນໍາໃຊ້ຊັບພະຍາກອນທໍາມະຊາດ ແລະ ສິ່ງ ແວດລ້ອມ ແລະ ການອະນຸລັກກະສິກໍາ ຊຶ່ງມີເນື້ອໃນທີ່ເນັ້ນເຖິງຄວາມສໍາຄັນຂອງກະສິກໍາແບບປະສົມປະສານ ເປັນພິເສດ ເພື່ອການຜະລິດການກະສິກໍາໃຫ້ມີຄວາມຍືນຍົງ   Read More

Title of document: Agroforestry “ກະສິກໍາປ່າໄມ້” _ ສະບັບພາສາລາວ Authors: ປທ. ຄໍາຄູ່ອງ ເພັງຈັນທະມາລີ; ປອ. ສາຍທອງ  ວິໄລວົງ; ປທ. ກອງແກ້ວ ສຸກັນຍາ; ປຕ. ນ. ພວງມະນີ ພົມມະນີມິດ; ປຕ. ສີສະໝອນ ໄຊຍະກັນຍາ; ປຕ. ນ. ຄໍາເຫືອງ ເພັດສົມພອນ Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: GRET/ALiSEA, NOuL Year of publication: 2018 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: ຄວາມຮູ້ທົ່ວໄປຂອງລະບົບກະສິກໍາປ່າໄມ້; ອົງປະກອບຂອງລະບົບກະສິກໍາປ່າໄມ້; ການຈັດແບ່ງລະບົບກະສິກໍາປ່າໄມ້ ໃນໂລກ ແລະໃນ ສປປ ລາວ; ການວາງແຜນພັດທະນາລະບົບກະສິກໍາປ່າໄມ້…) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): Summary: ເນື້ອໃນໃນໜຼັງສືເຫຼັ້ມນີ້ແບ່ງເປຼັນຫຼາຍບົດ, ມີເນື້ອໃນທີ່ເນັ້ນເຖິງຄວາມສໍາຄັນ ຂອງກະສິກໍາປ່າໄມ້ໃນລະບົບຕ່າງໆ ເພື່ອການນໍາໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຜະລິດກະສິກໍາໃຫ້ມີຄວາມຍືນຍົງ   Read More

Title of document: Agroecology “ນິເວດກະສິກຳ” _ ສະບັບພາສາລາວ Authors: ຮສ. ສົມພັນ ປາຊູວາງ; ດາວວ່າງ ຈາທ່າວກ່າລໍ່; ສົມແພງ ບຸດສານະ; ທິບພາພອນ ລິນທະສອນ; ພົມມາ ທໍາມະວົງ Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: GRET/ALiSEA, NUoL Year of publication: 2018 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: ນິເວດວິທະຍາ ແລະ ລະບົບນິເວດວິທະຍາ, ສັງຄົມສິ່ງມີ ຊີວິດ, ນິເວດກະສິກໍາ, ການພົວພັນລະຫວ່າງການພັດທະນາກັບນິເວດວິທະຍາ, ຊັບພະຍາກອນທໍາມະຊາດ ແລະ ສິ່ງແວດລ້ອມ ແລະ ການອະນຸລັກນິເວດວິທະຍາກະສິກໍາ) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): Summary: ເນື້ອໃນໜັງສືເຫຼັ້ມນີ້ ແບ່ງເປັນ 6 ບົດ, ປະກອບດ້ວຍຄື: ນິເວດວິທະຍາ ແລະ ລະບົບນິເວດວິທະຍາ, ສັງຄົມສິ່ງມີ ຊີວິດ, ນິເວດກະສິກໍາ, ການພົວພັນລະຫວ່າງການພັດທະນາກັບນິເວດວິທະຍາ, ຊັບພະຍາກອນທໍາມະຊາດ ແລະ ສິ່ງແວດລ້ອມ ແລະ ການອະນຸລັກນິເວດວິທະຍາກະສິກໍາ ຊຶ່ງມີເນື້ອໃນທີ່ເນັ້ນເຖິງຄວາມສໍາຄັນ ຂອງນິເວດວິທະຍາແລະ ນິເວດກະສິກໍາເປັນພິເສດ ເພື່ອການຜະລິດການກະສິກໍາໃຫ້ມີຄວາມຍືນຍົງ   Read More

Title of document: A Checklist of Plants in Lao PDR Authors: KNA, NAFRI, NUoL Journal’s name if any: Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: KNA, NAFRI, NUoL Year of publication: 2017 Geographic focus: Lao PDR Main issues / topics addressed (for example: Introduction Lao in checklist and Appendix School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): http://www.forest.go.kr/newkfsweb/kfi/kfs/kna/application/publication/detailForm.do?seq=38442&mainCd=210103&searchCnd=&searchWrd=&mn=KFS_15_05_10&orgId=kna&pageIndex=1&pageUnit=10 Summary: This checklist is a part of the collaborative project between NAFRI (National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute) and KNA (Korea National Arboretum), consolidating the four previously published checklists and adding the plant names of Laos, all information have been updated and contains information on total of 5,200 species This publication including 226 families, 1,536 genera and 5,204 species was developed by upgrading the former checklist called “A checklist of the vascular plants of Lao PDR” published in 2007 by the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, NAFRI, NUoL and IUCN Lao PDR. In particular, it features the Lao name and Lao index together with scientific name and English index in order to increase the efficient and convenience to local people, students, researchers and professionals who has interested in the field of biodiversity and flora in Lao PDR   Read More

Title of document: The Technological Trajectory of Integrated Pest Management for Rice in Cambodia Authors: Rica Joy Flor, Kry Chhay, Vichet Sorn, Harro Maat and Buyung Asmara Ratna Hadi Journal’s name if any: Sustainability Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: MDPI Year of publication: 2018 Geographic focus: Cambodia Main issues / topics addressed (for example : Framework and Methods; Results; Discussion ; Conclusions……) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/10/6/1732/pdf Summary: For the past two decades, while the efficacy of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been successfully demonstrated in Cambodia, its dissemination and sustained adoption among farmers have not met similar success. This study moves away from simplistic analyses about constraints in extension methods for IPM. Instead, we take a broader look into technological systems and the trajectoryforpestmanagement,whichaffectedthespreadanduptakeofIPMinthecountry. Through a review of the wider context in policies and programs, and a survey of farmers from five provinces in Cambodia (N = 400), we examined the connections between options for pest management at the farmer level and conditions in the technological system. Using the Cambodian case study, we show that the technological system predisposes to pesticide use and as such hinders a trajectory of IPM. Systemic conditions, including interrelated agronomic practices, ecological conditions in farming communities, governance mechanisms, structures around the spread of knowledge and the industry around the technological options, have created mutual socio-technical dependencies. Although programs targeted change through knowledge of IPM, much of the systemic conditions sustain the trajectory of pesticide reliance. Hence, promoting an innovation environment that is supportive of IPM requires extension beyond knowledge dissemination, addressing these varied elements of the technological system   Read More

Title of document: Integrating Agroecology and Participatory Action Research (PAR): Lessons from Central America Authors: V. Ernesto Méndez , Martha Caswell, Stephen R. Gliessman and Roseann Cohen Journal’s name if any: Sustainability Ministry/Government Agency/Organisation: MDPI Year of publication: 2017 Geographic focus: Central America Main issues / topics addressed (for example : Characteristics and Principles of PAR; Integrating Agroecology and PA; Case Study; Conclusions: Future Directions for Integrating Agroecology and PAR ……) School of agroecology (if any): Web address to original document (if any): http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/5/705/pdf Summary: This article aims to: (1) analyze the key characteristics and principles of two case studies that integrated PAR and agroecology in Central America; and (2) learn from the lessons offered by these case studies, as well as others from the literature,onhowtobetterintegratePARandagroecology.KeyprinciplesidentifiedforeffectivePAR agroecological processes include a shared interest in research by partners, a belief in collective power/action, a commitment to participation, practicing humility and establishing trust and accountability. Important lessons to consider for future work include: (1) research processes that did not start as PAR, can evolve into it; (2) farmer/stakeholder participation in setting the research agenda, from the outset, results in higher engagement and enhanced outcomes; (3) having the right partners for the desired outcomes is key; (4) intentional and explicit reflection is an essential component of PAR processes; and (5) cross-generational collaborations are crucial to long-term benefits. Key challenges that confront PAR processes include the need for time and resources over longer periods; the complexity of multi-actor process facilitation; and institutional barriers within the academy and development organizations, which prevent shifting investment towards integrated PAR agroecological processes.   Read More